Shari’at mein biwi se kuch maal le kar us ko nikah se azad karne ka naam khula hai
فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ- (:229)
Agar tum log khaof mehsoos karo keh miyan biwi Allah ta’ala ki hudood ko qayim nahi rak sakeinge (huqooq-e-zaujiyat neez is se mutalliqah shar’ee ahkam ko pura nahi kar sakein ge )-
To miyan biwi per koi haraj ki baat nahi hai keh aurat kuch ewaz de ( aur shaohar us ko le kar rishta e nikah se biwi ko azad karde) laikin yeh baat bhi zehen mein rehni chahiye keh jaise talaaq mard ke liye aakhri chara-e-kaar hai.
Isi tarha aurat ki taraf se khula ka mutalaba bhi aakhri had hai aur jab tak rishta-e-nikah bilkul dushwaar na hojaye, khula ka mutalabah karne se gurez karna chahiye.
Aap sallallahu alaihi wasllam ne farmaya:
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:المُخْتَلِعَاتُ هُنَّ المُنَافِقَاتُ-(رواہ الترمذی عن ثوبان:١١٨٧)
Bila wajhe khula ka mutalaba karne waliyon ki mazammat
Hazrat Abu musa ash’ari (raziyallahu anhu) se marvi hai aap ﷺ ne bila wajhe talaaq dene walon aur bila wajhe khula ka mutalaba karne waliyon ki mazammat bayan karte hue irshad farmaya:
عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – قَالَ: «لَا تُطَلَّقُ النِّسَاءُ إِلَّا مِنْ رِيبَةٍ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ – تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى – لَا يُحِبُّ الذَّوَّاقِينَ، وَلَا الذَّوَّاقَاتِ۔(مجمع الزوائد:٧٧٦١)
Aurton ko talaaq na dijaye magar qabil-e-ie’tiraaz baat ki bunyaad per, Allah ta’ala maza chakhne wale mard aur maza chakhne wali auraton ko pasand nahi farmate.
Baaz dafa mard zalim hote hain, huqooq-e-zaujiyat ada nahi karte.
Neez aurat ko rishta-e-nikah se azad bhi nahi karte taakeh woh sukoon ki zindagi guzar sake.
In halaat mein shari’at ne aurat ko zulm-o-sitam sehne aur masa’ib-o-mushkilaat per sabar karne per majboor nahi kiya; balkeh us ko baa’izzat tareeqe per rishta-e-nikah se nikal ne ka rasta “khula” ki surat mein rakha hai.
Khula ki maslihat
Khula ki ek maslihat yeh hai keh baaz auqaat miyan biwi mein ikhtilaf ka koi aisa sabab hota hai keh khud biwi bhi bar sare aam is ka izhaar karna nahi chati; kyunkeh is se khud aurat ki izzat-o-aabru bhi majrooh ho sakti hai.
In halaat mein khula zaojain ke darmiyan alahidgi ka ek baa’izzat tareeqa hai jis mein fareeqain ke liye aafiyat aur apne waqaar ka ta’haffuz hai.
Baaz auqaat aisa bhi hota hai keh bazahir nafrat-o-ikhtilaf ka koi sabab maujood nahi hota; laikin kisi wajhe se miyan biwi ke mizaj mein hum aahangi baqi nahi rehti.
Aur nikah ka asal maqsood bahami mahabbat, mawaddat aur sukoon e dil ki kaifiyat mafqood hojati hai; halankeh shaohar koi aisi ziyadati nahi karta jise qanoon ke daa’ire mein haq talfi kaha jasake; laikin biwi ko apne shaohar ki taraf raghbat bhi nahi hoti.
Islam ne aise mawaqe ke liye khula ki surat rakhi hai keh biwi pura mahar ya mahar ka kuch hissa maaf kar ke use talaaq per aamadah karle Mulsim personal law: 33
Sabit bin qais
Imaam Bukahri ne hazrat Abdullah bin abbas(raziyallahu anhu) se riwayat ki hai:
Sabit bin qais (raziyallahu anhu) ki biwi ( Jameela binte sahla (raziyallahu anha)Huzoor sallallahu alaihi wasllam ki khidmat mein hazir huein.
Aur arz kiya aye Allah ke rasool! Mujhe sabit bin qais ki deen dari-o-akhlaq se muta’alliq koi shikayat nahi hai; laikin mujhe yeh pasand nahi keh musalman ho kar kisi ki na shukri karoon (yani mere shaohar ka mere saath husn-e-sulook aur meri tabiyat ka un ki taraf maa-il na hona.
Jis ki wajhe se shaohar ki na qadri-o-na shukri ho rahi hai ) Is liye ham donon mein judai karadi jiye.
Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: tum un ko un ka baagh lauta do gi ? (Jo mahar mein ada kiya tha) unhon ne arz kiya, ji haan.
Aap sallallahu alaihi wasllam ne hazrat Sabit(raziyallahu anhu) se farmaya: baagh le lo aur un ko talaaq de do, chunanche hazrat Sabit(raziyallahu anhu) ne talaaq de di” Bukhari : 2/794:5253
Khola ki miqdaar
Khula dar asal zaojain ki bahami razamandi se alahidgi ka faisla hai.
Jis mein aurat ki taraf se iwaz diya jata hai; laikin yeh iwaz mahar ki miqdaar se ziyada nahi hona chahiye.
Chunanche Allah ta’ala farmate hain
وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَعْتَدُوهَا وَمَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ (البقرۃ:229)
Tumhare liye halaal nahi hai keh tum auraton se kuch lo jo tum ne unhin diya tha; magar jab keh khawind aur biwi donon khauf mehsoos karein keh woh Allah ki hudood ko qayim nahi rakh sakein geڈ
ٖPhir agar tum log daro is baat se keh miyan biwi Allah ki hudood ko qayim nahi rakh sakein ge, to kuch gunaah nahi, donon per keh aurat badla de kar choot jaye.
Yeh Allah ki baandhi hui hadein hain, lihaza in se aage mat badho aur jo koi allah ki baandhi hui hadon se aage badhe, wahi log zalim hain.
Aurat ki taraf se ziyadati na ho, to mu’awaza munasib nahi
Garz agar aurat ki taraf se ziyadati na ho, tab to mard ke liye munasib nahi keh woh talaaq ka koi mu’awaza usool kare.
Haan agar aurat ki taraf se ziyadati ho ya woh kisi maaqool wajhe ke baghair talaaq ki talabgaar ho, to mard ko ziyadah se ziyadah itna hi wapas lena chahiye jo us ne bataore mahar diya hai.
Us se ziyadah ka mutalabah hargiz na kare aur yaqeenan yeh us ki mardana ghairat aur hamiyat ke bhi khilaf hai keh shari’at ne use talaaq ka ikhtiyar dekar jo eezaaz ata kiya hai, woh use kasbe zar ke liye istimaal kare.
Khula mein aurat apne zati huqooq ko maaf karke bhi khula le sakti hai, jaise iddat ka nafaqah, ab tak mahar ada nahi kiya gaya ho, to mahar maaf kar sakti hai. qhamu sul fiqh : 3/363
Khula ke ahkaam
A Khula se Talaaq-e-baa’in waqe hoti hai.
B Khula ke liye qazi ka faisla zaroori nahi hai.
C Khula ki surat mein shaohar ko raj’at ka haq nahi rehta; albatta iddat mein ya iddat guzarne ke baad aurat ki raza mandi se naye mahar se tajdeed-e-nikah ho sakta hai.
D Khula ke liye kisi maqsoos waqt ki qaid nahi hai yani paki-o-napaki ke waqt bila karahat khula ki kaar ravai keeja sakti hai. qhamu sul fiqh :3/365-
Iddat
iddat shari’at ki istelah mein us muddat (zamana) ko kehte hain jis mein nikah-e-saheh khatam hone ke baad aurat apne aap ko roke rakhti hai.
Wo do tarha ki hoti hai
A iddat-e-wafat
B iddat-e-talaaq
Zail mein sirf iddat-e-Talaaq ke baaz ahkaam ko zikr kiya jaraha hai.
Islam mein nasab ki hifazat ko badi ahmiyat hasil hai, isi liye shari’at ne iddat ka hukm diya hai keh jab kisi aurat ki apne shaohar se judai ho.
To dusre nikah aur is judai ke darmiyan itna fasila hona chahiye ke nasab mushtabeh na ho.
Jab rishta-e-nikah talaaq, khula ya faskh ke zariye khatam ho jaye, to aurat par iddat-e-talaaq wajib hoti hai.
Talaaq ki iddat muddat
A Hamila aurat ki iddat waz’e hamal (bache ki viladat ) hai al-talaaq: 4-
B Jis aurat ko haiz ka silsila jari ho, us ki iddat teen haiz hai.al baqarah : 228-
C Jin auraton ko kam umri ya umar darazi ki bina per haiz na ata ho, un ki iddat teen mahine hai. al-talaaq:4-
D Jis aurat ko sohbat-o-khalwat-e- saheeha se pehle hi talaaq di jaye, us per kisi qism ki iddat nahi hai. al-ahzab: 49-
Iddat ke ahkaam
A Iddat ke darmiyan sarahatan nikah ka paigam dena durust nahi hai. Al-baqarah:235-
Talaaq-e-raj’ee mein nikah ka paigam bilkul nahi diya jasakta
B Is mddat mein shaohar ki taraf se muhayya kiye hue makan mein rehna zaroori hoga
Allah ta’ala ka irshad hai:
لَا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِنَّ۔(الطلاق:۱)
Mutallaqa auraton ko ghar se (iddat puri hone tak) mat nikalo-
Is mein ek hikmat bhi poshidah hai keh agar kisi shaksh ne apni biwi ko lafz-e-“Talaaq” ke zariye ek ya do Talaaq di ho, to iddat ke darmiyan use apni biwi ko laota ne ka haq hasil hoga.
Agar aurat talaaq dene wale shaohar ke ghar hi mein rahe, to muwafaqat aur muwanasat ke imkanaat ziyada hote hain, is tarha ek toot ta hua rishta dubara jud sakta hai.
Shaohar ke makaan mein jaan-o-maal ka khatra ho
Albatta shaohar ke makaan mein iddat guzarne ki surat mein aurat ko apni jaan-o-maal ya izzat-o-aabru ka khatra ho,
ya makaan ke munhadim hone ka andesha ho to kisi dusre makan mein iddat guzaar sakti hai.
C nafaqa-e-iddat shaohar ke zimme wajib hai.
D Jis aurat ko talaaq-e-raj’ee di gayi ho, agar biwi ko nikah mein lauta lene ka irada ho, to shaohar safar par le ja sakta hai.
E Jis aurat ko Talaaq-e-baa’in ya Talaaq-e-mughallaz di ga’ee ho, woh aurat shaohar ke saath ya mahram ke saath iddat puri hone tak hargiz safar nahi kar sakti. qhamusul fiq : 4/375-http://dg4.7b7.mywebsitetransfer.com
