Talaaq-e-ahsan
Shari’at ne talaaq ke aadaab-o-ahkaam bhi bataye hain keh talaaq kis waqt di jaye aur kitni di jayein? Talaaq ke silsile mein Qur’an-e-majeed ne yeh usool bataya keh talaaq dete hue bhi husn-e-sulook ko malhooz rakha jaye.
الطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ-(االبقرۃ:229)
A Talaaq is tarha na di jaye ke iddat taveel ho jaye, jis se aurat ko khama khah zehni uljhan mein dala jaye.
Neez jab zaroorat ek talaaq se puri hojati hai, to us se ziyada talaaq dene ki kya zaroorat hai.
B Sirf ek talaaq di jaye, yani shaohar biwi se saaf lafzon mein kahe ” main ne tujhe talaaq de di” is liye keh mard biwi se judai chah ta hai,to uska maqsad ek talaaq se pura ho jaye ga.
Talaaq ek na pasandeedah zaroorat hai, zaroorat se ziyada ka isti’mal mazeed na pasandeedah aur Quran-o-Sunnat ka mazaq hoga.
C Talaaq halat-e-haiz mein na dijaye, halat-e-haiz mein talaaq dena sakht gunaah hai, neez haiz ki halat mein ek had tak biwi ki taraf raghbat ka saman nahi hota.
Mumkin hai is halat mein sanjeedah faisle ke tehet talaaq na di gayi ho; balkeh be raghbati ki bina per talaaq di ho; halanke talaaq aisa haq nahi hai keh itni jald bazi mein soche samjhe aur sanjeedah faisla kiye baghair us ka isti’mal kiya jaye.
D Aisi paaki ke zamane mein talaaq di jaye jis mein biwi se sohbat na ki ho; kyunkeh iddat ke taveel hone ka andesha hai, agar hamal teher jaye aur aurat hamila hojaye, to ab use waz-e-hamal tak iddat guzarni hogi:
Talaaq do to iddat ko shumar karo
يَاأَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ۔(الطلاق: ۱)
Aye nabi! Jab tum auraton ko talaaq do, to unki iddat per talaaq do aur iddat ko shumar karte raho.
E Ek talaaq deneke baad iddat guzarne di jaye, hamila aurat ki iddat waz-e-hamal, haiz wali ke liye teen haiz, kam umr ya umar wali ke liye teen mahine hain.
Mazkoorah tareeqe per jo talaaq di jaye us ko fuqaha talaaq-e-ahsan kehte hain yani talaaq ka behtar tareeqa neez talaaq-e-raja’ee ki bhi ek surat hai.
Talaaq-e-hasan
Basa auqaat aadmi teen talaaq de ker rishta-e-nikah is tarha khatam karna chahta haikeh us ke liye ruju aur tajdeed-e-nikah ka mouqa aa’inda bilkul baqi na rahe.
Aisi surat mein shari’at-e-islami ki taleem yeh hai ekbaargi teen talaaqein na di jayein; balkeh paaki ki halat mein ek talaaq de kar ghaur-o-fikr kiya jaye.
Agar aapasi halaat durust na hosake to ek maahwari ke baad dusri paaki ke zamane mein dusri talaaq di jaye. phir ghaur kiya jaye.
Agar ab bhi halaat qabu mein na aa’sakein aur teesri talaaq de kar rishta-e-nikah mukammal khatam karne hi mein duniya-o-akhirat ki bhala’i nazar aye.
To dusri maahwari guzarne ke bad teesri paaki ki halat mein teesri talaaq di jaye, us ke bad rishta-e-nikah khatam ho jaye ga, ab mard-o-aurat ek dusre ke liye haram ho jayenge, ruju ya iddat mein tajdeed-e-nikah ki gunjaa’ish nahi rahe gi, is ko talaaq-e-hasan kehte hain.
Talaaq-e-Raj’ee
Lafz “Talaaq” ya aise lafz se ek ya do talaaq di jaye jo urf mein talaaq hi ke liye is’timal hota hai, is ko Talaaq-e-raj’ee kehte hain.
Yani aisi talaaq jis mein iddat guzarne se pehle shaohar chahe, to biwi ko dubarah nikah mein wapas le sakta hai, aurat ki marzi, neez tajdeed-e-nikah ki zaroorat nahi hai, do martaba Talaaq-e-raj’ee ka haq hasil rehta hai, teesri bar talaaq dene mein yeh gunjaa’ish bilkul nahi rahe gi.
Talaaq-e-raj’ee : iddat guzarne ke baad talaaq-e-baa’in ho jati hai, neez raja’at ki gunja’ish bhi khatam ho jati hai; albatta mard-o-aurat ba hami raza mandi aur naye mahar ke saath nikah kar sakte hain .
Talaaq-e-raj’ee talaaq ka sabse behtar tareeqa hai, is liye keh iddat guzarne tak shaohar ko sochne, sahi faisla karne ke liye ek lamba waqt mile ga, jazbaat aur nafsiyaat ka ghalaba bhi na hoga, jazbaat ya ghusse ki wajhe se talaaq de diya ho, to talafi ki gunja’ish bhi hogi.
Neez aurat ke liye sakht tambeeh ka zariya aur sambhalne ki mazeed ek martaba gunja’ish bhi mil jaye g
Jab iddat puri hone ke qareeb hojaye,toh Allah ta’ala ka irshad hai:
Bastur ke mu’wafiq rakh lo,ya dastoor ke mu’wafiq chod do
فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ فَارِقُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَأَشْهِدُوا ذَوَيْ عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ۔(الطلاق:۲)
Jab mutallaqa auratein apni iddat ke khatam ko pahunche, to un ko dastur ke mu’wafiq rakh lo,ya dastoor ke mu’wafiq chod do aur do mu’tabar aadmiyon ko gawah banalo.
Yani jab iddat khatam ke qareeb hojaye, to akhri faisla karna hai, agar biwi ko rakhna ho to use lauta le aur behtar hai keh lautane per bhi do gawah bana le taake aa’indah kisi nizaa aur tohmat ka andesha na ho aur agar biwi ki taraf raghbat na ho aur nibah ki umeed na rahe, to bhale tareeqe per alahida kar de.
Behter tareeqe per alahidagi se murad yeh hai keh iddat guzar jane de, jaise hi iddat guzar jaye gi, aurat baa’ina hojaye gi; albattah is baat ki gunja’ish baqi rahe gi .
Agar mard aur aurat ko pashemani ho aur woh dobara izdiwaji rishta mein munsalik hona chahe to naye meher ke saath dobara nikah kar sakte hain, yeh gunja’ish ek aur do talaaq ki surat mein hai.Muslim personal law:30
Raja’at ka tareeqa
Jab talaaq dene wala mard Talaaq-e-raj’ee mein biwi ko apne nikah mein wapas lena chahe.
To behtar yeh hai keh do mo’tabar logon ki maujoodgi mein apni biwi se kahe “main ne tumhe apne nikah mein wapas le liya” ya mo’tabar logon ki maujoodgi mein yun kahe ” main ne apni biwi ko apne nikah mein wapas le liya” neez douran-e-iddat biwi se sohbat karne, ya bosa lene ya shewat se chulene se bhi raja’at ho jaye gi Al-hidaya 1/295 Talaaq dene ka sahi tareeqa
Talaaq-e-Baa’in
Talaaq-e-baa’in woh talaaq hai jis mein aurat shaohar ke nikah se faoran nikal jati hai, iddat ke darmiyan mein bhi aapasi raza mandi, naye mahar aur nikah ke baghair lautane ki gunja’ish nahi rehti.
Munderija zail suraton mein Talaaq baa’in ho jati hai:
A Sohbat se pehle hi biwi ko talaaq di jaye.khaah talaaq sareeh ho.
B Sarahat ke saath talaaq-e-baa’in di jaye.
C Aurat se kuch mu’awazah le kar ya us ke wajib ul adaa huqooq maaf kara kar talaaq di jaye, jaise khulah mein hota ha.
D Kinaa’i alfaz se talaaq di jaye yani talaaq ki niyyat se aise alfaz biwi se kahe jis se talaaq murad li ja sakti ho aur un alfaz ka koi dusra mana bhi ho masalan “Ab mera tumhara rishta baqi nahi raha” tum mere ghar se chali jao waghaira.
E Qazi ke zariye nikah khatam karane ki ziyada tar suratein Talaaq-e-baa’in ke tehet aati hain. Qhamusul fiqh : 4/344.
Talaaq-e-baa’in mein sabiq miyan biwi ke liye aapasi raza mandi aur naye mahar ke saath iddat mein aur iddat guzarne ke baad bhi azsare nau nikah karne ki gunja’ish rehti hai.Talaaq dene ka sahi tareeqa
