Nafaqah se muraad khaurak,poshaak aur riha’ish ka intizam hai -Raddul Mohtaar :2/644
Nafaqa ka maqsad buniyadi zarooriyaat ki takmeel hai, jo har zamane ke urf-o-riwaj aur zere kafalat shaks ke halaat ke lihaz se mukhtalif ho sakta hai-
Allah ta’ala ka irshad hai
وَعَلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ۔(البقرۃ :٢٣٣)
Bacchon ke zimmedaron par auraton ka nafaqah aur poshaak hai dastur ke muwafiq, neez kisi shaks ko us ki taqat se ziyadah mukallaf banaya nahi jayega.
Allah ta’ala ne nafaqa mein maroof ki sarahat farmayi hai jo urf-o-riwaj aur zamaneh ke halaat ke muwafiq biwiyon ka jo kharcha hoga woh shaoharon ke zimmeh hoga.
Hazrat-e-Hinda(raziyallahuanha) ne apne shaohar Abu Sufyaan (raziyallahuanhu) ki taraf se hone wali tangi ki shikayat ki to Aap Sallahu alaihi wasllam ne farmaya
خُذِي مَا يَكْفِيكِ وَوَلَدَكِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ۔(رواہ البخاری :٧١٨٠)
Tum unke maal mein se itna le sakti ho jo tumhare aur tumhari aulad ke liye maroof (murawwajah) tareqe ke mutabiq kafi hojaye.
Tum par biwiyon ka rizq aur libaas maroof tareqe par wajib hai.
Rasoolullah Sallahu alaihi wasllam ne irshad farmaya
وَلَهُنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ۔(رواہ مسلم :١٢١٨)
Tum par biwiyon ka rizq aur un ka libaas maroof tareqe par wajib hai.
Biwi ka nafaqaha nikah-e-saei ki wajhe se wajib hota hai, biwi musalmaan ho ya kitabiyyah, baligha ho ya aisi na baligha jis se sohbat ki ja sakti ho, ya woh shahwat ki umar ko pahunch gayi ho, maldaar ho ya ghareb, shaohar us se sohbat kar chuka ho ya kisi uzr ki wajhe se nahi kar paya ho, saleemul aqal ho ya fatirul aqal, shaohar maldar ho ya na baligh; agar woh shaohar ke ghar mein ho, kam se kam khidmat aur muwanasat ke laa’iq ho, to har haal mein shaohar par biwi ka nafaqaha lazim hai-
Agar biwi kisi jaa’iz haq aur uzr ki wajhe se ya shaohar ki ijazat se shaohar ke ghar se bahar ho, to bhi biwi ka nafaqha lazim h
Nafaqah mein shamil cheezein
Quran-o-Hadees aur shari’at ke mizaj-o-mazaq ko samne rakne se maloom hota hai keh biwi ke nafaqah mein uski tamaam bunyadi zarooriyaat shamil hain, jo har zamane ke urf aur halaat se muta’alliq hain aur is silsileh mein qata’ee tahdeed-o-ta’een nahi ki ja sakti-
Ta ham fukaha ne saat(7) cheezon ka zikr kiya hai.
(1)khana (2)saalan(3)safai suthrai ka samaan (4)libaas(5)ghar ka zaroori samaan(6) rehne ke liye makaan(7)agar aurat ka taaluq aise samaaj se ho jisme khuddaam se khidmat li jati ho, khadim ka intizam.
Khuraak
Khuraak muhayya karne ki do(2) suratein hain,
khane ki cheezen faraham kare paka pakaya khana farham kare.
Agar aurat aise khandan se taaluq rakti ho jisme auratein khud khana banati hain, to shaohar ke zimme paka huwa khana faraham karna zaroori nahi hai.
Agar aurat aise gharane se taaluq rakhti hai jisme auratein khana banane ki aadi nahi hain, to shaohar ki taraf se khadim bhi faraham karna zaroori hai.
Khane ki koi miqdaar tay nahi ki ja sakti, jitna kafi hojaye utna dena zaroori hai,neez mukhtalif ilaqon aur maqamaat mein ghiza ki nau’iyat ka lihaz karte hue urf-o-riwaaj ke mutabiq khurak ka intizam kare.
Libaas
Biwi ke liye libaas ka intizam karna bhi shaouhar ke zimme hai,libaas mein miqdaar aur nau’iyat muta-ayyan nahi hai,balkeh mukhtalif maqamaat ke urf ka lihaaz karte hue libaas faraham kare-
Meyaari libaas shaouhar ki maa’shi istita’at aur aurat ke khandan ke ie’tibaar se wajib hoga, saal mein kamse kam do(2) jode bnana zaroori hai.
